It is a command-line program for transferring files securely over a network connection. You may already be familiar with FTP: It does not provide any sort of secure encryption in the session or in the data transfer.

Think of it as an encrypted version of ftp. If you need to transfer files over anonymous FTP, sftp is not the program to use. Because all sftp connections are encrypted, they require a username and password or public key authentication. So, for anonymous FTP transfers, just use regular ftp.

Logging In to a Remote System to Copy a File (sftp) - Managing Remote Systems in Oracle Solaris

It uses many of the features of sshsuch as public key authentication and data compression. There are four basic ways to use sftpand the command syntax for each is listed here. For more information about each option and its possible values, see the Options sectionbelow.

Here is a description of each of the options listed in the command syntaxes listed above. In interactive mode, sftp logs you into the remote system and places you at a prompt that is similar to the command prompt on your local system.

It offers you a limited, but very useful, set of commands with which you can navigate the remote file system and send and receive files. Let's say you want to start an interactive sftp session on the server named " server. And, let's say your user account on server. From your system's command line, You can start the session using the command:. Or, if your username on your local system is also " user ", you could just type:.

You can now move around in the filesystem with " cd directory ", list files with " ls ", download files with " get filename ", and upload files with " put filename ". It's pretty much identical to an interactive ftp session, except it's encrypted and secure. When you're done, you can log off with the " bye " command " exit " also worksand sftp will exit. In this mode, you can specify the exact pathname of the file or files you want to retrieve in the sftp command itself.

When you run this command, sftp will connect to files. Since we didn't put a slash at the beginning of the directory name, it will look for documents in your home directory on the server. If it finds portfolio. You can also specify a location for the file to be downloaded. For instance, this command:. Or, you can specify a completely different name for the downloaded file:. The output will list each file on its own line, like this:.

Sometimes it's more convenient to start an interactive mode session right from a specific remote directory. You can do this by specifying it on the command line:. It's also possible to run sftp in a completely scripted fashion. This is called batch modeand it allows you to perform sftp transfers without any interaction at the keyboard. This is useful, for instance, if you want to set up a recurring transfer in a cron job, or a one-time scheduled transfer using the at command.

However, because batch mode is completely non-interactive, it does not allow you to enter a username and password when connecting to the server. So, in order to use batch mode, you'll have to log in automatically. The standard way to do this, and the most secure, is to use public key authentication.

Let's go over that quickly. Public Key Authentication allows you to log into a remote server securely without typing in your password. First, you generate two keys on your local system: Then you copy the text of your public key onto the remote server.

After that, as long as you have the private key on your local machine, you can log into the remote machine without typing in a password. The keys will be located in the directory. First, check to see if the. Next, we need to make sure this directory has the correct permissions. You want to ensure that you're the only person who can access this directory read, write, and execute.

For a directory, the octal value of this file mode is Let's change the permissions on our. Now we need to generate the keys themselves. The program used to generate key pairs for the ssh protocol is called ssh-keygen. Run it at the command line without any options:.

It will prompt you for the information it needs to generate the keys. Use all the default values just press enter at every prompt. One of the prompts will ask you for a passphrase, which offers an additional level of security on top of the encrypted private key. Here we will leave the password blank.

If you want to use a password with your key, you should use a program called ssh-agent to load your key into memory; this will allow you to use a password-protected key without having to type in the password more than once.

You'll even get a neat piece of art representing your public key, which you can print out and hang on your wall, if you like. Your keys are now generated. We need to change the permissions on these files as well, so that no one but you can access them read, write, and execute.

The octal value of these permission bits is Enter your password and log in. Once you're at your server's command prompt, check to see if the. If it doesn't exist, create it, and give it the appropriate permissions, just like on your local system. If it doesn't, create it. You can use touch to create an empty file. Of course, if the directory and file exist already, you don't need to create them.

The contents of this file are all in one very long line no line breaks. You can look at it yourself with the cat command:. There are several ways to do this: Or, you could use a program called ssh-copy-idwhich is part of the default ssh installation on many systems.

However, here we will append it directly to the file using ssh itself. If your remote username is myusername and your server name is myhost. Now your public key is installed on the server, and you should be able to log in without a password, as well as conduct batch sftp sessions. These are part of the default configuration, so you shouldn't need to add them, set them, or un-comment them in the configuration file. However, they are required for public key authentication. If it's not working, this is the first place you should check.

To run a batch sftp session, simply create a text file containing the sequence of sftp commands to be run on the server, with each command on its own line. For instance, if you want to automate the uploading of a set of files called image After all commands have been executed successfully or notsftp will log out and return you to the command line.

This command attempts to initiate an interactive sftp session with the server myhost. The name used to log in will be the same as the username with which you ran the command. Attempts to initiate an interactive sftp session with the server myhost. If the file exists, it will be downloaded to the local working directory, and then sftp will exit.

Attempts to execute the sftp commands in the text file batch. The commands in the file batch. In order for the session to be initiated, the server and local client must be configured so that no keyboard input is required to log in; see Setting Up Public Key Authentication above for more information. See Interactive Mode Commands above for a complete list of interactive commands and options.

Download the remote file mydocs. Run the command commandname option1 option2 on your local system without disconnecting from the sftp session. Search Help Tips Dictionary History Forums Contact. Home Help Linux and Unix. Linux sftp command Updated: About sftp sftp syntax sftp examples Related commands Linux and Unix commands help.

Was this page useful? Yes No Feedback E-mail Share Print. Specify the use of protocol version 1, which dates back to This option provides compatibility with very old servers. If you're not sure that you need it, do not specify this option. Specify the use of protocol version 2, which dates back to Specify the size of the buffer that sftp uses when transferring files. Larger buffers require fewer round trips, but require more memory to do so.

The default is bytes. Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input batchfile instead of stdin. Since it lacks user interaction it should be used in conjunction with non-interactive authentication.

If batchfile is specified as a dash " - "standard input will be read for the batch of commands. Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfers. This option is directly passed to ssh.

Connect directly to a local sftp server rather than via ssh. This option may be useful in debugging the client and server. Specifies an alternative per-user configuration file for ssh. Selects the file from which the identity private key for public key authentication is read. This is useful for specifying options for which there is no separate sftp command-line flag.

For example, to specify an alternate port use: Specifies which address family to use when connecting. Valid arguments are " any ", " inet " use IPv4 onlyor " inet6 " use IPv6 only. In addition, the ServerAliveInterval option will be set to seconds by default. This option is useful in scripts and other batch jobs where no user is present to supply the password, and where it is desirable to detect a broken network swiftly.

The argument must be " yes " or " no ". The default is " no ". Use the specified address on the local machine as the source address of the connection. Only useful on systems with more than one address.

Note that this option does not work if UsePrivilegedPort is set to " yes ". Specifies whether to use "challenge-response" authentication. The argument to this keyword must be " yes " or " no ".

The default is " yes ". This allows ssh to detect if a host key changed due to DNS spoofing. If the option is set to " no ", the check will not be executed. Specifies the cipher to mega grant stock options for encrypting the session in protocol version 1.

Currently, " blowfish ", " 3des ", and " des " are supported. Its use is strongly discouraged due to cryptographic weaknesses. The default is " 3des ". Specifies the ciphers allowed for protocol version 2 in order of preference. Multiple ciphers must be comma-separated. The supported ciphers are work from home rn jobs in san antonio tx 3des-cbc ", " aescbc ", " aescbc ", " aescbc ", " aesctr ", " aesctr ", " aesctr ", " arcfour ", " arcfour ", " arcfour ", " blowfish-cbc ", and " castcbc ".

The default value is the following really long string: Specifies whether to use compression. Specifies the compression level to use if compression is enabled. The argument must be an integer from 1 fast to 9 slower, but best compression ratio. The default level is 6which is good for most applications. The meaning of the values is the same as in gzip. Note that this option applies to protocol version 1 only. Specifies the number of tries one per second to make before exiting.

The argument must be an integer. This may be useful restaurants open anzac day perth 2016 scripts if the connection sometimes fails. The default is 1. Specifies the timeout in seconds used when connecting to the SSH server, instead of using the default system TCP timeout.

This value is used only when the target is down or really unreachable, not when it refuses the connection. Enables the sharing of multiple sessions over a single network connection. When set to " yes ", ssh will listen for connections on a control socket specified using the ControlPath argument. Additional sessions can connect to this socket using the same ControlPath with ControlMaster set to " no " the default. These sessions nifty sure shot option calls try to reuse the master instance's network connection rather than initiating new ones, but will fall back to connecting normally if the control socket does not exist, or is not listening.

If the ControlPath cannot be opened, ssh will continue without connecting to a master instance. X11 and ssh-agent forwarding is supported over these multiplexed connections, however the display and agent forwarded will be the one belonging to the master connection i.

Two additional options allow for opportunistic multiplexing: The latter requires confirmation like the " ask " option. Specify the path to the control socket used for connection sharing as described in the ControlMaster section above or the string " stock market bistro " to disable connection sharing.

This ensures that shared connections are uniquely identified. When used in conjunction with ControlMasterspecifies that the master connection should remain open in the background waiting for future client connections after the initial client connection has been closed.

If set to " no ", then the master connection will not be placed into the background, and will close as soon as the initial client connection is closed. If set to " yes ", sftp mput command syntax the master connection will remain in the background indefinitely until killed or closed via a mechanism such as the ssh option " -O exit ". Specifies one or more files to use for the global host key database, separated by whitespace.

Specifies whether user authentication based on GSSAPI the Generic Security Service Application Program Interface is allowed. Note that this option applies to protocol version 2 only.

Forward delegate credentials to the server. Note that this option search option /etc/resolv.conf to protocol version 2 connections using GSSAPI. These hashed names may be used normally by ssh and sshdbut they do not reveal identifying information should the file's contents be disclosed. Free sms alerts on mobile of stock market that existing names and addresses in known hosts files will not be converted automatically, but may be manually hashed using the ssh-keygen key generator.

Restricts the following declarations up to the next Host keyword to be only for those hosts that match one of the patterns given after the keyword. If more than one pattern is provided, they should be separated by whitespace.

The host is the hostname argument given on eurex dax futures trading hours command line i. A pattern entry may be negated by prefixing it with an exclamation mark "!

If a negated entry is matched, then the Host entry is ignored, regardless of whether any other patterns on the line match. Negated matches are therefore useful to provide exceptions for wildcard matches. Specifies whether to try rhosts -based authentication with public key authentication. This option applies to protocol version 2 only and is similar to RhostsRSAAuthentication. Specifies the protocol version 2 host key algorithms that the client wants to use in order of preference.

The default for this best forex trading platform in singapore is the following really, really long string: Specifies an alias that should be used instead of the real host name when looking up or saving the host key in the host key database files.

This option is useful for tunneling SSH connections or for multiple servers running on a single host. Specifies the real host name to log into. This can be used to specify nicknames or abbreviations for hosts. The default is the name given on the command line.

Numeric IP addresses are also permitted both on the command line and in HostName specifications. Specifies a file from which the user's DSA, ECDSA or DSA authentication identity is read. Additionally, any identities represented by the authentication agent will be used for authentication. The file name may use the tilde syntax to refer to a user's home directory or one of the following escape characters: It is possible to have multiple identity files specified in configuration files; all these identities will be tried in sequence.

Multiple IdentityFile directives will add to the list of identities tried this behaviour differs from that of other configuration directives. This option is intended for situations where ssh-agent offers many different identities. Specifies the IPv4 type-of-service or DSCP class for connections.

Accepted values are " af11 ", " af12 ", " af13 ", " af21 ", " af22 ", " af23 ", icici bank exchange rate calculator af31 ", " af32 ", " af33 ", " af41 ", " af42 ", " af43 ", " cs0 ", " cs1 ", " cs2 ", " cs3 ", " cs4 ", " cs5 ", " runescape how to make money after being hacked ", " cs7 ", " ef ", " lowdelay ", " throughput ", " reliability ", or a numeric value.

This option may take sftp mput command syntax or two arguments, separated by whitespace. If one argument is specified, it is used as the packet class unconditionally.

If two values are specified, the share market basics beginners ppt is automatically selected for interactive sessions and the second for non-interactive forexticket correlation. The default is " lowdelay " for interactive sessions and "throughput" for non-interactive sessions.

Specifies whether to use keyboard-interactive authentication. Specifies the list of methods to use in keyboard-interactive authentication. Multiple method names must be comma-separated. The default is to use the server specified list. The methods available vary depending on what the server supports.

For an OpenSSH server, it may be zero or more of: Specifies the available KEX Key Exchange algorithms. Multiple algorithms must be comma-separated. The default is the london stock exchange group plc 4.75 very long string: Oldest stock still traded the verbosity level that is used when logging messages from ssh.

The possible values are: QUIETFATALERRORINFOVERBOSEDEBUGDEBUG1DEBUG2and DEBUG3. The default is INFO. DEBUG and DEBUG1 are equivalent. DEBUG2 and DEBUG3 each specify higher levels of verbose output. Specifies the MAC message authentication code algorithms in order of preference.

The MAC algorithm is used in protocol version 2 for data integrity protection. The default is the following string: This option can be used if the home directory is shared across machines. In this case localhost will refer to a different machine on each of the machines and the user will get many warnings about changed host keys. However, this option disables host authentication for localhost. The default is to check the host key for localhost. Specifies the number of password prompts before giving up.

The argument to this keyword must be an integer. The default is 3. Specifies whether to use password authentication. Specifies which PKCS 11 Public Key Cryptography Standard number 11 provider to use. The argument to this keyword is the PKCS 11 shared library ssh should use to communicate with a PKCS 11 token providing the user's private RSA key. Specifies the order in which the client should try protocol 2 authentication methods.

This allows a client to prefer one method e. Specifies the protocol versions ssh should support in order of preference. The possible values are ' 1 ' and ' 2 '. Multiple versions must be comma-separated. When this option is set to " 2,1 " ssh will try version 2 and fall back to version 1 if version 2 is not available. The default is ' 2 '. Specifies the command to use to connect to the server.

The command string extends to the end of the line, and is executed with the user's shell. The command can be basically anything, and should read from its standard input and write to its standard output. It should eventually connect an sshd server running on some machine, or execute sshd -i somewhere. Host key management will be done using the HostName of the host being connected defaulting to the name typed by the user.

Setting the command to " none " disables this option entirely. Note that CheckHostIP is not available for connects with a proxy command. This directive is useful in conjunction with nc and its proxy support.

put - sftp: upload all files, directories and sub-directories contained in a folder - Super User

For example, the following directive would connect via an HTTP proxy at Specifies whether to try public key authentication.

This option applies to protocol version 2 only. Specifies the maximum amount of data that may be transmitted before the session key is renegotiated. The argument is the number of bytes, with an optional suffix of ' K ', ' M ', or ' G ' to indicate Kilobytes, Megabytes, or Gigabytes, respectively.

The default is between ' 1G ' and ' 4G ', depending on the cipher. Specifies whether to try rhosts based authentication with RSA host authentication. This option applies to protocol version 1 only and requires ssh to be setuid root.

Specifies whether to try RSA authentication. RSA authentication will only be attempted if the identity file exists, or an authentication agent is running. Specifies what variables from the local environment should be sent to the server. Note that environment passing is only supported for protocol 2. The server must also support it, and the server must be configured to accept these environment variables.

Variables are specified by name, which may contain wildcard characters. Multiple environment variables may be separated by whitespace or spread across multiple SendEnv directives. The default is not to send any environment variables. Sets a timeout interval in seconds after which if no data has been received from the server, ssh will send a message through the encrypted channel to request a response from the server.

The default is 0indicating that these messages will not be sent to the server, or if the BatchMode option is set. ProtocolKeepAlives and SetupTimeOut are Debian-specific compatibility aliases for this option.

Sets the number of server alive messages see below which may be sent without ssh receiving any messages back from the server. If this threshold is reached while server alive messages are being sent, ssh will disconnect from the server, terminating the session. It is important to note that the use of server alive messages is very different from TCPKeepAlive. The server alive messages are sent through the encrypted channel and therefore will not be spoofable.

The TCP keepalive option enabled by TCPKeepAlive is spoofable. The server alive mechanism is valuable when the client or server depend on knowing when a connection has become inactive. The default value is 3. If, for example, ServerAliveInterval see below is set to 15 and ServerAliveCountMax is left at the default, if the server becomes unresponsive, ssh will disconnect after approximately 45 seconds. This option applies to protocol version 2 only; in protocol version 1 there is no mechanism to request a response from the server to the server alive messages, so disconnection is the responsibility of the TCP stack.

This option forces the user to manually add all new hosts. If this flag is set to " no ", ssh will automatically add new host keys to the user known hosts files. If this flag is set to " ask ", new host keys will be added to the user known host files only after the user has confirmed that is what they really want to do, and ssh will refuse to connect to hosts whose host key has changed. The host keys of known hosts will be verified automatically in all cases.

The argument must be " yes ", " no ", or " ask ". The default is " ask ". Specifies whether the system should send TCP keepalive messages to the other side. If they are sent, death of the connection or crash of one of the machines will be properly noticed. This option only uses TCP keepalives as opposed to using ssh -level keepalivesso takes a long time to notice when the connection dies.

As such, you probably want the ServerAliveInterval option as well. However, this means that connections will die if the route is down temporarily, and some people find it annoying. The default is " yes " to send TCP keepalive messagesand the client will notice if the network goes down or the remote host dies. This is important in scripts, and many users want it too. To disable TCP keepalive messages, the value should be set to " no ". Specifies whether to use a privileged port for outgoing connections.

If set to " yes ", ssh must be setuid root. Note that this option must be set to " yes " for RhostsRSAAuthentication with older servers. Specifies the user to log in as. This can be useful when a different username is used on different machines. This saves the trouble of having to remember to give the username on the command line. Specifies one or more files to use for the user host key database, separated by whitespace.

Specifies whether to verify the remote key using DNS and SSHFP resource records. If this option is set to " yes ", the client will implicitly trust keys that match a secure fingerprint from DNS. Insecure fingerprints will be handled as if this option was set to " ask ". If this option is set to " ask ", information on fingerprint match will be displayed, but the user will still need to confirm new host keys according to the StrictHostKeyChecking option.

Specify how many requests may be outstanding at any one time. Increasing this may slightly improve file transfer speed but will increase memory usage. The default is 64 outstanding requests. Recursively copy entire directories when uploading and downloading. Note that sftp does not follow symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.

Name of the program to use for the encrypted connection. The program must understand ssh options. Specifies the SSH2 subsystem or the path for an sftp server on the remote host. A path is useful for using sftp over protocol version 1, or when the remote sshd does not have an sftp subsystem configured.

Change group of file path to grp. Change the permissions of file path to mode. Change owner of file path to own. Display usage information for the filesystem holding the current directory or path if specified. If the -h flag is specified, the capacity information will be displayed using "human-readable" suffixes. The -i flag requests display of inode information in addition to capacity information.

Retrieve the remote-path and store it on the local machine. If the local path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the remote machine. If either the -P or -p flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are copied too.

If the -r flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively. Note that sftp does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers. Display a directory listing of the local directory pathor the local working directory if path is not specified.

Create a link from oldpath to newpath. If the -s flag is specified the created link is a symbolic link, otherwise it is a hard link. Display a remote directory listing of either path or the current directory if path is not specified. The following flags alter the behaviour of ls: Do not sort the list.

The default sort order is lexicographical. When used in conjunction with -l or -n options which create a long-format listthis option specifies "human-readable" unit suffixes for file sizes. For instance, instead of " " bytes, this option will list the size as " 4.

Create a "long-format" list, displaying additional file details including permissions and ownership information. Creates a long-format list Like the -l option, but with user and group information presented numerically. Upload local-path and store it on the remote machine. If the remote path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the local machine. If it does, and remote-path is specified, then remote-path must specify a directory.

Execute the command command in a local shell.